MICROWAVE-ASSISTED ENZYMATIC EXTRACTION OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM Ceratophyllum submersum

Abstract

Algae primarily consist of polysaccharides, which account for 15-76% of their composition, along with proteins making up 5-47%, minerals ranging from 7-36%, and lipids comprising 1-5%. Algae polysaccharides serve as renewable, abundant, biodegradable, and biocompatible biopolymers, making them extensively utilized in the food industry. Various techniques have been employed for the extraction and preparation of polysaccharides from algae, which have a considerable impact on molecular weight, yield and composition. This study used microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction (MAEE) to isolate polysaccharides from Ceratophyllum submersum. The effects of different solid-to-liquid ratios, microwave powers, microwave times, pH values, temperatures, and extraction times were investigated using single-factor experiments. The findings indicated that optimal conditions for extracting C. submersum polysaccharides involved a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 w/v, a microwave power of 270 W applied for 3 min at a pH of 5.0, and a cellulase enzyme concentration of 0.1% at 40 °C over a duration of 3 hours. Under the conditions, the polysaccharide content was found to be relatively high (about 46.89 ± 0.19 mg/gDM).